Damascus Gate
The pilgrims from Nazareth in all probability passed into Jerusalem through this gate, or through one occupying the same position. The Damascus gate (the Bab El Amud) is by far the handsomest and most striking of the five entrances into Jerusalem. At either side, on the inside of the gate, are very slender columns, above which is a pointed pediment bearing an inscription. The Damascus Gate, with its, towers, battlements, turrets, and projecting parapets on either side and above “the chamber over the gate,” presents an appearance both beautiful and imposing. According to the inscription, it was built, or at least restored, by Soliman in the year 944 of the Hegira (beginning June 10, 1537), and is a fine example of the architecture of the sixteenth century. The tower of the gate commands a magnificent view. On both sides of the entrance are some fine specimens of ancient work. The stones employed are evidently the fragments of ancient structures, which have attracted the attention and discussion of students of Jerusalem topography. Captain Warren commenced excavations on both sides of the gate but was not allowed by the authorities to complete them. He says: “This gate is at present built of two very different styles of masonry, the older portion of which is probably of the same age as the portions of the sanctuary wall.” The results of Warren’s explorations are important since they confirm the opinion that there was at that point a city wall and gateway at least as ancient as the time of Herod the Great. Under the gates, there still exist subterranean chambers. The rushing of a subterranean water course is said to have been frequently heard below the Damascus gate.
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