Protevangelium
Protevangelium Genesis 3:15 Excerpt Christian tradition has referred to 3:15 as the protevangelium since it has been taken as the prototype for the Christian gospel. Historically interpreters have differed about whether “her seed” refers to an individual or is a collective singular indicating all humanity. The LXX version may be the earliest attested interpretation of “seed” as an individual. It translates the Hebrew zeraʿ ( “seed” ) with the Greek sperma , a neuter noun. The expected antecedent pronoun is “it [ auto ] will crush your head,” but the Greek has “he” ( autos ) , which suggests that the translators interpreted “seed” as an individual.209 The Targums, Jewish pseudepigrapha, and later rabbinic commentators, however, generally viewed the “seed” as collective for humankind. Christian interpreters showed a mixed opinion.210 Justin and Irenaeus interpreted the woman of 3:15 as the virgin Mary by drawing a par...