Signs

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Signs

Excerpt
‎Although John also recognizes the problems inherent in signs and in the demand Excerpt
‎Although John also recognizes the problems inherent in signs and in the demand for signs (2:18, 23; 4:48; 6:2, 14, 30), he nonetheless calls miracles σημεῖα because through them Jesus manifests his glory and reveals his mission as the Son of God (2:11; 20:30f.). Whereas the Baptist performs no signs (10:41), many great signs characterize Jesus’ activity (3:2; 7:31; 9:16; 11:47; 12:37); the appearances of the resurrected Jesus are to be understood similarly (20:30). The Johannine miracles point beyond themselves to the eschatological Savior (6:14; 7:31; 12:18) and provoke faith in him (2:11, 323; 4:5; 9:35; 11:47f.; 20:30f.). But this faith can remain superficial and egocentric (4:48; 6:14, 30) or can be rejected (12:37, 39); and signs cannot always defeat the conviction that Jesus is a deceiver (11:47f., following Deut 13:1–4); thus what the sign signifies is overlooked, namely, that the miracle is a work of God, whose “arm” becomes effective through Christ (12:37f., quoting Isa 53:1; cf…

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